复杂顶板巷道锚杆锚索支护参数优化设计

针对复杂顶板巷道支护难、维修费用高等问题,根据原有支护参数的不足,采用FLAC^3D数值模拟软件,建立分析了复杂顶板巷道数值模型,采用单一变量实验方法,分别以顶板锚杆间排距、长度和帮部锚杆间排距、长度为研究对象,分析了顶板和帮部锚杆和锚索合理支护参数。研究为复杂顶板巷道锚杆锚索支护参数设计提供了理论基础。     

Grain boundary engineering that induces ultrahigh permittivity and decreased dielectric loss in CdCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

Dielectric materials with ultrahigh permittivity are attracting attention due to the increasing demand for these types of materials for microelectronics and energy storage applications. In this work, we successfully synthesized Zn-doped CdCu₃Ti₄O₁₂ (CdCTO) ceramics with low dielectric loss and large permittivity via an ordinary mixed-oxide technique. Remarkably, at a Zn doping level of 0.10, a CdCu_2.9Zn_0.1Ti₄O₁₂ ceramic exhibited both decreased dielectric loss tangent of ~0.058 and large dielectric permittivity > 4.0 × 10⁴, as well as a good frequency stability over a wide frequency range from 40 Hz to 10⁶ Hz. The high dielectric performance was attributed to the enhanced grain boundary resistance and internal barrier layer capacitor (IBLC) effect due to the fine and uniform grains that formed upon Zn doping. The findings reported in this work provide valuable insights into how to simultaneously realize a low dielectric loss and high permittivity in CdCTO and other related dielectric ceramics.     

A tetranuclear nickel(II) complex for water oxidation: Meeting new challenges

Ni complexes are promising catalysts for water splitting. Herein, a tetranuclear nickel(II) complex with bis-[(E)-N′-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)]carbohydrazide (HL), was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic methods and single crystal X-ray analysis. The complex is a tetranuclear complex and the ligands are coordinated to the metal ions in the mono-negative form, (L)^- to form a tetranuclear [NiL]₄⁴⁺ unit. Each Ni(II) ion is six-coordinated by pyridine nitrogen, azomethine nitrogen and oxygen atoms of two perpendicular carbohydrazone ligands in the mer configuration. The complex was studied as a water-oxidizing catalyst. In the next step, the role of the Ni-based compound for water oxidation on the surface of fluorine doped tin oxide as one of the true catalysts was investigated by scanning transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, spectroelectrochemistry, and electrochemistry. The electrode after water oxidation by the complex was studied and a relation between the decomposition of the Ni complex and water-oxidation reaction was proposed. The experiments show that under water-oxidation condition in the presence of the complex, a Ni-based compound on the electrode is a candidate as a contributor to the observed catalysis.     

渤海油田复杂压力动态调控技术研究

渤海湾蓬莱油田多年注水开发，储层压力系统复杂，层间矛盾突出，小层间压力差更是达到3~4 MPa。复杂压力体系将导致调整井钻完井复杂情况频发，蓬莱油田多口调整井出现了高压层溢流、低压层漏失等井控情况，严重影响着钻完井作业效率和费用。合理的注采井关调方案是保证调整井安全高效作业的重要手段。基于此背景，利用注水井和采油井生产动态数据，建立了注水指数和产液指数的概念，并基于卡尔曼滤波算法创新性地建立了判断注采关系的新方法，同时结合实际注水井关井压降规律，建立了基于注采关系估计和关井压降规律的注采井关调制度。该研究成果在PL19-3-V41井应用，钻进过程安全顺利，单井少停注水7 000 m³。提出的复杂压力动态调控技术能够为周边注水井关调方案提供科学依据，经济效益显著。     

基于宽频复电阻率的含黏土沉积物中水合物饱和度计算方法

天然气水合物沉积物中的黏土成分显著影响沉积物的电学特性以及水合物饱和度的计算模型。以自主设计开发的复电阻率参数测量装置为实验平台,在20 Hz ~ 100 kHz频率范围内测试了黏土条件下含水合物海沙体系的复电阻率,分析了复电阻率的频散特性、黏土影响以及主导的电极化机制,利用泥质修正Archie公式建立了基于宽频复电阻率的水合物饱和度计算模型。研究结果表明：（1）含水合物海沙体系的复电阻率呈现出显著的频散特性,双电层极化和界面极化分别是20 Hz ~ 1 kHz和1 ~ 100 kHz频段主导的极化机制;（2）黏土颗粒表面的双电层发生形变增强了含水合物沉积物双电层极化作用,提高了复电阻率相角和虚部的绝对值;（3）在20 Hz ~ 100 kHz频率范围内泥质修正Archie公式岩性系数较为稳定,而胶结指数和饱和度指数与测试频率之间的关系在20 Hz ~ 1 kHz和1 ~ 100 kHz频段差异显著,因此应分频段建立水合物饱和度计算模型。本研究为探讨含水合物沉积物的低频电学特性和建立含黏土沉积物中水合物饱和度计算模型提供了新的途径。     

Protein Encapsulation Using Complex Coacervates: What Nature Has to Teach Us

Protein encapsulation is a growing area of interest, particularly in the fields of food science and medicine. The sequestration of protein cargoes is achieved using a variety of methods, each with benefits and drawbacks. One of the most significant challenges associated with protein encapsulation is achieving high loading while maintaining protein viability. This difficulty is exacerbated because many encapsulant systems require the use of organic solvents. By contrast, nature has optimized strategies to compartmentalize and protect proteins inside the cell—a purely aqueous environment. Although the mechanisms whereby aspects of the cytosol is able to stabilize proteins are unknown, the crowded nature of many newly discovered, liquid phase separated “membraneless organelles” that achieve protein compartmentalization suggests that the material environment surrounding the protein may be critical in determining stability. Here, encapsulation strategies based on liquid–liquid phase separation, and complex coacervation in particular, which has many of the key features of the cytoplasm as a material, are reviewed. The literature on protein encapsulation via coacervation is also reviewed and the parameters relevant to creating protein‐containing coacervate formulations are discussed. Additionally, potential opportunities associated with the creation of tailored materials to better facilitate protein encapsulation and stabilization are highlighted.     

Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to Ethylene by Molecular Cu‐Complex Immobilized on Graphitized Mesoporous Carbon

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to hydrocarbons is a challenging task because of the issues in controlling the efficiency and selectivity of the products. Among the various transition metals, copper has attracted attention as it yields more reduced and C2 products even while using mononuclear copper center as catalysts. In addition, it is found that reversible formation of copper nanoparticle acts as the real catalytically active site for the conversion of CO₂ to reduced products. Here, it is demonstrated that the dinuclear molecular copper complex immobilized over graphitized mesoporous carbon can act as catalysts for the conversion of CO₂ to hydrocarbons (methane and ethylene) up to 60%. Interestingly, high selectivity toward C2 product (40% faradaic efficiency) is achieved by a molecular complex based hybrid material from CO₂ in 0.1 m KCl. In addition, the role of local pH, porous structure, and carbon support in limiting the mass transport to achieve the highly reduced products is demonstrated. Although the spectroscopic analysis of the catalysts exhibits molecular nature of the complex after 2 h bulk electrolysis, morphological study reveals that the newly generated copper cluster is the real active site during the catalytic reactions.     

TC21复杂回转构件车铣复合柔性快速装夹技术研究

为了实现TC21复杂回转构件车铣复合柔性快速稳定装夹,基于零点定位系统,从工艺凸台、夹具结构、液压系统、定位精度计算和装夹强度计算等方面研究,设计了一套车铣复合柔性快换装夹系统。实践证明,该系统能实现准确定位、快速稳定夹紧,解决了工件装夹找正时间长,加工过程中发生偏转的问题,且能满足车铣复合不同工件的柔性快速换装,具有很好的通用性。     

超深层挡水放空洞复杂体型高速水流水力特性数值模拟

针对某水电站超深层挡水放空洞复杂体型,利用3D紊流数值模拟方法,采用VOF方法追踪自由水面,对泄流能力、沿程水面线、流速、压强等水力特性进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明,该放空洞结构泄流能力满足设计要求,设计体型基本合理,有压洞转弯段出现严重的偏流,需对该段体型进行优化;弧形闸室后部两侧突扩结构最小负压0.1MPa,结构易发生空化空蚀,建议减小突扩结构尺寸,延长侧墙长度,尽量减小侧墙坡度;消能工段出口底板部位最小负压为0.1MPa,建议取消挑坎末端水平段,使水流直接挑出。     

基于差频检测技术的高速AD单粒子翻转评估方法研究

本文基于差频检测的原理，提出一种在高频动态输入模式下，对高速高精度模数转换器（AD）的抗单粒子翻转效应进行评估的测试方法，并以一款8位3 GSPS高速AD为测试对象，设计开发了一套高速AD单粒子翻转效应测试系统，对目标器件进行了重离子试验。通过对试验结果的图像和错误数据进行分析，评估参试器件的抗辐照性能参数，为抗辐照高速高精度AD的加固设计提供数据支撑。